While Modifier 95 is used for audio-video telehealth, Modifier 93 was introduced to clearly identify medical services that were provided via audio-only technology.
When to Use Modifier 93
Modifier 93 is defined as "Synchronous telemedicine service rendered via telephone or other real-time interactive audio-only telecommunications system." You use this when the patient does not have the capability or refuses to use video, and the entire visit is conducted over the phone.
Medical Necessity Documentation
You must explicitly document in the medical record WHY the visit was audio-only (e.g., "Patient did not have a smartphone" or "Patient's internet connection failed, transitioned to audio-only").
NCCI Edits and Payer Variations
Not all payers accept Modifier 93. Some prefer you just use the dedicated telephone E/M codes (99441-99443). Always verify your payer's specific telehealth matrix before submitting.